GMAT写作：740分考生总结的6分作文模板（四）

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　　调查问题

(承上时：even assuming that the result of the survey mentioned above is statistically reliable.... )

　　Vested Interest 调查植入作者观点

　　We have strong reasons to question the creditability and neutrality中立 of the survey in which the conductor has vested interest and therefore is inclined to manipulate篡改，操作 the figures/truth to his own advantage.

　　We have strong reasons to question the creditability and neutrality of the remarks made by XXX, who has vested interest and therefore is inclined to take the position to his own advantage.

　　Statistical Evidence 样本问题

　　The survey methodology might be problematic in ( ) respects.

　　Loaded question和诚实性攻击 What’s more, the methodology of the survey is problematic for two reasons. For one thing, we are not informed whether the survey provided only (数字)alternatives. If it did, the respondents, who might very well prefer another choice not provided in the survey, might be forced to give up their preferences.

　　For another thing, we are not informed whether the survey response were anonymous or even confidential. If they were not, regardless of whether the responses were truthful, the respondents might supply供给 responses favored by their superiors who might conduct the survey. Both events would lead this survey unreliable, let alone about drawing the conclusion that().

　　背

　　样本数量The threshold problem with this argument involves the survey itself. The statistical reliability of the survey is really dubious for the reason that the author provides no evidence which can show that the number of () is statistically significant. Common sense tells us that the smaller the size of the sample, the less reliable the result of the survey and the less reliable any general conclusion drawn from the survey. That is to say , the number of participant,(数字), might be just an insufficient small sample on which cannot be justifiably relied to draw any reliable conclusion about ().

　　样本代表性 Moreover, a possible methodology problem in this argument is that of bias. the author provides no evidence to claim that the () who responded to survey questionnaires is representative of the whole general group of (). Perhaps ()who were more interested than others in () might be more likely to respond to the questionnaire—possibly because they found the questionnaire more attractive. Lacking the information about the randomness and representativeness of the survey sample, the author cannot convince me to believe in the result of the survey--let alone draw any broader recommendation based on the survey.

　　样本时效性攻击Last but not the least, it is necessary to point out another flaw that significantly undermines this argument that the author neglects忽略 to indicate how recently the survey was actually conducted. When used to generally claim a particular group, the samples should be close enough to support the generalization, so as to prevent historical changes from invalidating the generalization. All we know is that the survey is recently published. The less recent the survey itself, the less reliable the results to demonstrate that.()

　　样本问题考虑不周无法概括结论

　　the argument makes a hasty generalization about the types of issues workers are interested in. It accords with common sense that workers would be interested in corporate restructuring and redesign of benefits programs, since these issues affect workers very directly. However, it is unfair to assume that workers would be similarly interested in other management issues—ones that do not affect them or affect them less directly.

　　信息不足

　　The information provided in this program is too vague to be informative. Lacking information about who conducted this survey, who responded, or when, where and how the survey was conducted, it is impossible to assess the validity of the results. For example, if 200 persons are surveyed but only 2 responded, the conclusion that … would be highly suspect. Until these questions are answered, the results from this survey are worthless as evidence for the conclusion.

　　To conclude, this argument is not persuasive as it stands.

　　Because the evidence cited in the analysis is too weak to lend strong support to what the author claims.

　　To make this argument logically acceptable, the author would have to consider and eliminate all the above conspicuous flaws that i analyzed.

　　Only with more convincing evidence could this argument become more than just an emotional appeal.

　　show sound evidences to rule out all the above possibilities that I analyzed(因果other possible reason that may also lead to B).

　　In addition, to solidify the conclusion,the author should provide concrete evidence as well to demonstrate that.................................

　　(可疑调查; the author should provide more information to show that the respondents of the survey are statistically significant in number and can represent the overall group of workers.)

　　There is, however, no guarantee that this is the case. Nor does the author cite any evidence to support this assumption.

　　It is entirely possible that management has become lax regarding any number of factors that can affect the bottom line such as inferior products, careless product pricing, inefficient production, poor employee expense monitoring, ineffective advertising, sloppy buying policies and other wasteful spending.

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