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GMAT阅读OG 13 26篇详细分析-10

2014-09-23 20:48:07来源：网络

　　新东方在线为大家精心整理了GMAT阅读OG 13 26篇详细分析的相关内容，分享给大家，供大家参考，希望对大家有所帮助!

　　In the seventeenth-century Florentine textile industry, women were employed primarily in low-paying, low-skill jobs. To explain this segregation of labor by gender, economists have relied on the useful theory of human capital. According to this theory, investment in human capital—the acquisition of difficult job-related skills—generally benefits individuals by making them eligible to engage in well-paid occupations. Women's role as child bearers, however, results in interruptions in their participation in the job market (as compared with men's) and thus reduces their opportunities to acquire training for highly skilled work. In addition, the human capital theory explains why there was a high concentration of women workers in certain low-skill jobs, such as weaving, but not in others, such as combing or carding, by positing that because of their primary responsibility in child rearing women took occupations that could be carried out in the home.

　　There were, however, differences in pay scales that cannot be explained by the human capital theory. For example, male construction workers were paid significantly higher wages than female taffeta weavers. The wage difference between these two low-skill occupations stems from the segregation of labor by gender: because a limited number of occupations were open to women, there was a large supply of workers in their fields, and this "overcrowding" resulted in women receiving lower wages and men receiving higher wages.

　　Questions 42-44 refer to the passage above.

　　42. The passage suggests that combing and carding differ from weaving in that combing and carding were

　　A. low-skill jobs performed primarily by women employees

　　B. low-skill jobs that were not performed in the home

　　C. low-skill jobs performed by both male and female employees

　　D. high-skill jobs performed outside the home

　　E. high-skill jobs performed by both male and female employees

　　43. Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the explanation provided by the human capital theory for women's concentration in certain occupations in seventeenth-century Florence?

　　A. Women were unlikely to work outside the home even in occupations whose hours were flexible enough to allow women to accommodate domestic tasks as well as paid labor.

　　B. Parents were less likely to teach occupational skills to their daughters than they were to their sons.

　　C. Women's participation in the Florentine paid labor force grew steadily throughout the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

　　D. The vast majority of female weavers in the Florentine wool industry had children.

　　E. Few women worked as weavers in the Florentine silk industry, which was devoted to making cloths that required a high degree of skill to produce.

　　44. The author of the passage would be most likely to describe the explanation provided by the human capital theory for the high concentration of women in certain occupations in the seventeenth-century Florentine textile industry as

　　A. well founded though incomplete

　　B. difficult to articulate

　　C. plausible but poorly substantiated

　　D. seriously flawed.

　　E. contrary to recent research

　　题材：Humanity

　　类型：现象解释

　　(社会现象)

　　框架：17th sentury Florentine textile

　　现象：妇女low skill，low pay

　　第一段：low skill用人力资本的理论来可以解释

　　第二段：low pay人力资本所不能解释，提出原因

　　作者态度：第一段肯定了人力资本的解释，第二段说明了理论不足的地方

　　逻辑链：

　　1、提出问题：妇女低薪，低技能工作

　　2、人力资本来解释原因1：养孩子，高技能训练少+2：带孩子，只能做往家里带的活。

　　3、转折，有人力资本解释不了地方，比如同样低技能的工作，男人工资比女人高。牵扯到性别：女性能干的工作比较限制，而找工作的女性又比较多，所以工资低。

　　题目类型：42：细节推断 43：逻辑推断 44：作者态度

　　解题定位(根据OG13解释)：

　　42：问的suggest，说明选项要推断，原文没有直接说出来。根据关键词定位Line16-17，同样都是低技能的工作，为什么只干weaving。说的是人力资本解释的第二条原因Line19-20：要养孩子，只能做能带回家的活儿。选项是对原文的改写，只不过是反着解释。

　　43：定位人力资本对女性的解释1+2，削弱任何一条都行。文章说女性为了照顾孩子很难在工作上得到高的技术，并且只能选择那些可以把活儿带回家的工作。题干要削弱这个原因，即表明即使给了女人自由的时间或允许她们处理家庭事务(不用总是在家带孩子)，她们也不太可能在外面工作。

　　44：作者第一段肯定了人力资本的解释，第二段说明了理论不足的地方。所以选项是：incomplete

　　以上就是新东方在线为大家总结的GMAT阅读OG 13 26篇详细分析的相关内容，最后预祝大家在GMAT考试中取得优异的成绩!


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