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GMAT阅读题型练习(1221)

2018-04-30 09:37:00来源:网络

  本文来自GMAT阅读题库(点击查看更多),为考生提供GMAT阅读题目练习及答案解析,希望对大家GMAT备考有所帮助。点击下载更多GMAT备考必备资料。更多精彩尽请关注新东方在线GMAT频道!

  GMAT阅读题目内容

  The term "episodic memory" was introduced by Tulving to refer to what he considered a uniquely human capacity—the ability to recollect specific past events, to travel back into the past in one's own mind—as distinct from the capacity simply to use information acquired through past experiences. Subsequently, Clayton et al. developed criteria to test for episodic memory in animals. According to these criteria, episodic memories are not of individual bits of information; they involve multiple components of a single event "bound" together. Clayton sought to examine evidence of scrub jays' accurate memory of "what," "where," and "when" information and their binding of this information. In the wild, these birds store food for retrieval later during periods of food scarcity. Clayton's experiment required jays to remember the type, location, and freshness of stored food based on a unique learning event. Crickets were stored in one location and peanuts in another. Jays prefer crickets, but crickets degrade more quickly. Clayton's birds switched their preference from crickets to peanuts once the food had been stored for a certain length of time, showing that they retain information about the what, the where, and the when. Such experiments cannot, however, reveal whether the birds were reexperiencing the past when retrieving the information. Clayton acknowledged this by using the term "episodic-like" memory.

  4、According to the passage, Clayton's experiment depended on the fact that scrub jays

  A.recall "when" and "where" information more distinctly than "what" information

  B.are not able to retain information about a single past event for an indefinitely long period of time

  C.choose peanuts over crickets when the crickets have been stored for a long period of time

  D.choose crickets over peanuts whenever both are available

  E.prefer peanuts that have been stored for a short period to crickets that have been stored for a short period


  

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