GMAT语法解析之代词

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　　l OG 73. The British Admiralty and the War Office met in March 1892 to consider a possible Russian attempt to seize Constantinople and how they would have to act militarily to deal with them.

　　(A) how they would have to act militarily to deal with them 指代Russian attempt 错。

　　(B) how to deal with them if military action would be necessary if 从句中的“必要”语气，用should

　　(C) what would be necessary militarily for dealing with such an event 什么意思，表达不清

　　(D) what military action would be necessary in order to deal with such an event 对

　　(E) the necessity of what kind of military action in order to take for dealing with it wordy, 结构有错

　　l 句子中一个代词重复出现的指代原则-必须指同一物。银行和客户的题目。而且必须就近。

　　83. Any medical test will sometimes fail to detect a condition when it is present and indicate that there is one when it is not.

　　(A) a condition when it is present and indicate that there is one 第一个it 指代前面的condition 对，但是，不画线部分的it，就没有指代了，这就是and 并列后的有其它名词干扰(one)指代就近原则。不能说再指代到and 并列的前面去。

　　(B) when a condition is present and indicate that there is one detect 接物动词，后面要有宾语，如果是when 从句做宾语，变成了detect the timing

　　(C) a condition when it is present and indicate that it is present 都指代前面的condition, 而且 indicate that it is present 和后面的when it is not 形成句意上的清晰对比。

　　(D) when a condition is present and indicate its presence 后面不花线的it no referent

　　(E) the presence of a condition when it is there and indicate its presence

　　l 无指代。EST惯用：前面说国家，然后就直接说their 什么， 好像变成了前面说的是国民， 错。

　　OG- 133. In Holland, a larger percentage of the gross national product is spent on defense of their coasts from rising seas than is spent on military defense in the United States.

　　(A) In Holland, a larger percentage of the gross national product is spent on defense of their coasts from rising seas than is spent on military defense in the United States. 主语省略，变成了荷兰人花钱到美国人身上。

　　(B) In Holland they spend a larger percentage of their gross national product on defending their coasts from rising seas than the United States does on military defense. They 也是没头脑的。

　　(C) A larger percentage of Holland's gross national product is spent on defending their coasts from rising seas than the United States spends on military defense. 比较平行的问题

　　(D) Holland spends a larger percentage of its gross national product defending its coasts from rising seas than the military defense spending of the United States. 同上。

　　(E) Holland spends a larger percentage of its gross national product on defending its coasts from rising seas than the United States does on military defense. 对。

　　OG-165. 前面说a community, 后面用them, they, 表示residents in the community 错。

　　165. At Shiprock, New Mexico, a perennially powerful girls' high school basketball team has become a path to college for some and a source of pride for a community where the household incomes of 49 percent of them are below the poverty level. 看到句子中的代词一定要找找指代。在画线部分的代词更要。

　　(A) where the household incomes of 49 percent of them are

　　(B) where they have 49 percent of the household incomes

　　(C) where 49 percent of the household incomes are 对

　　(D) which has 49 percent of the household incomes

　　(E) in which 49 percent of them have household incomes

　　其他错误：49 percent of them in A and E 和49 percent of the household incomes 是不同的。前面说的49%的人

　　have 这种词用慎用。表示拥有的意思。故，B和D错

　　l 关于指代优先原则和指代就近原则。(不能绝对)(例子来自CD)

　　12. The Olympic Games helped to keep peace among the pugnacious states of the Greek world in that a sacred truce was proclaimed during the festival’s month.

　　(A) world in that a sacred truce was proclaimed during the festival’s month in that 用的不好。During 不如for b表示目的清晰，被动语态不好。

　　(B) world, proclaiming a sacred truce during the festival’s month proclaiming 修饰问题

　　(C) world when they proclaimed a sacred truce for the festival month they 个人认为代states, 这可能是个优先的特例。可能是when 结构放在后面，而前面又有states 影响。

　　(D) world, for a sacred truce was proclaimed during the month of the festival

　　(E) world by proclamation of a sacred truce that was for the month of the festival wordy.

　　the key is C. but "they" 前面有两个复数Olympic Games and pugnacious states。

　　8. A majority of the international journalists surveyed view nuclear power stations as unsafe at present but that they will, or could, be made sufficiently safe in the future.

　　(A) that they will, or could, 平行结构排除ABC。

　　(B) that they would, or could,

　　(C) they will be or could,

　　(D) think that they will be or could 正确答案。They 代power stations, 和前面view power stations 平行，

　　(E) think the power stations would or could 错在would 时态上面。前面是一般时态。注意这里could 表示可能而不是can 的过去式。

　　204. During the recession of 1973, home mortgage foreclosures resulted in tens of thousands of Americans being evicted from homes that they can no longer afford monthly payments.

　　(A) that they can

　　(B) that they could

　　(C) on which they can

　　(D) because they can

　　(E) for which they could E they could no longer afford payments for their homes

　　l so, 和it在指代上的区别。(so 可以指代动词。 It不能-最多只能是动词性质的名词。 This 不单独指代。)

　　OG-215. Parliament did not accord full refugee benefits to twelve of the recent immigrants because it believed that to do it rewards them for entering the country illegally. 时态问题。(would, 表示如果这样，可能发生。)

　　(A) to do it rewards

　　(B) doing it rewards

　　(C) to do this would reward

　　(D) doing so would reward 对。(OG这里没有提到doing 和to do 哪个好的问题)

　　(E) to do it would reward

　　l those, that 和it 等在指代上的区别。Those, that 代同类。(本质的，可以不带修饰部分。)， it等代原物，带修饰部分。

　　OG 231. Ms. Chambers is among the forecasters who predict that the rate of addition to arable lands will drop while those of loss rise.

　　(A) those of loss rise 看到those, that 之类的代词，找找先行词。ETS很喜欢搞鬼的。而且，跟恶心的是前面是单数，后面用复数。 如，culture of A, 后面变成those of B, C, and D 准错。

　　(B) it rises for loss it 表示：the rate of addition 跟小麦含protein 的题目一样。

　　(C) those of losses rise

　　(D) the rate of loss rises 用重复的办法。比较清晰。有in soil 那题。

　　(E) there are rises for the rate of loss 结构不平行，表达awkward, OG认为，unidiomatic, 而且应该是rise in sth (rise in interest rate, rise of 16%), .

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