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GMAT逻辑削弱题例题四

2018-05-02 17:08:00来源:网络

  19.(Z13)Healthy lungs produce a natural antibiotic that protects them from infection by routinely killing harmful bacteria on airway surfaces. People with cystic fibroses, however, are unable to fight off such bacteria, even though their lungs produce normal amounts of the antibiotic. Since the fluid on airway surfaces in the lungs of people with cystic fibrosis bas an abnormally high salt concentration, scientists hypothesize that in high salt environments the antibiotic becomes ineffective at killing harmful bacteria.

  Which of the following, if it were obtained as an experimental result, would most decisively undermine the scientists’ hypothesis?

  A. Healthy lungs in which the salt concentration of the airway-surface fluid has been substantially increased are able to reestablish their normal salt concentration within a relatively short period of time.

  B. The antibiotic produced by the lungs is effective at killing harmful bacteria even when salt concentrations are below levels typical of healthy lungs.

  C. The salt concentration of the airway-surface fluid in the lungs of people who suffer from cystic fibrosis tends to return to its former high levels after having been reduced to levels typical of healthy lungs.

  D. The lungs of people who suffer from cystic fibrosis are unable to fight off harmful bacteria even when the salt concentration is reduced to levels typical of healthy lungs.

  E. The salt concentration in the airway-surface fluid of people whose lungs produce lower-than-average amounts of the antibiotic is generally much lower than that typical of healthy lungs.

  20. The number of people diagnosed as having a certain intestinal disease has dropped significantly in a rural county this year, as compared to last year. Health officials attribute this decrease entirely to improved sanitary conditions at water-treatment plants, which made for cleaner water this year and thus reduced the incidence of the disease.

  Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the health officials' explanation for the lower incidence of the disease?

  (A) Many new water-treatment plants have been built in the last five years in the rural county.

  (B) Bottled spring water has not been consumed in significantly different quantities by people diagnosed as having the intestinal disease, as compared to people who did not contract the disease.

  (C) Because of a new diagnostic technique, many people who until this year would have been diagnosed as having the intestinal disease are now correctly diagnosed as suffering from intestinal ulcers.

  (D) Because of medical advances this year, far fewer people who contract the intestinal disease will develop severe cases of the disease.

  (E) The water in the rural county was brought up to the sanitary standards of the water in neighboring counties 10 years ago.

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本文关键字: GMAT逻辑题型 GMAT逻辑 GMAT

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